The park serves as a refuge for numerous Chaco wildlife species, including several threatened animals. Large mammals found in the park include the lowland tapir, jaguar, puma, giant anteater, and the endangered Chacoan peccary. The area is also home to various armadillo species, including the giant armadillo. Bird diversity is significant, with species such as the black-bodied woodpecker, Chaco owl, and various hawks and eagles. Reptiles are well-represented, including several species of snakes, lizards, and the threatened Chaco tortoise.
The park showcases typical Chaco vegetation adapted to semi-arid conditions. The dominant vegetation type is xerophytic forest, featuring drought-resistant species such as quebracho trees (both red and white varieties), palo santo, and various cacti species. The park contains important stands of bulnesia sarmientoi (palo santo), a protected hardwood species. Other notable flora includes carob trees, bottle trees (Ceiba insignis), and various thorny shrubs. During the rainy season, the landscape transforms with the emergence of diverse herbaceous plants and wildflowers.
The park is situated within the Gran Chaco plain, characterized by flat to gently undulating terrain. The soil composition is predominantly sandy and clay-based, with areas of limestone deposits. The landscape features natural salt pans (salares) and seasonal wetlands. The geological formation is part of the larger Chaco-Paraná Basin, with sedimentary deposits dating back millions of years. The area's unique geology contributes to the formation of distinctive microhabitats and water retention patterns essential for local ecosystems.
Teniente Agripino Enciso National Park was established in 1980 to protect a significant portion of the Paraguayan Chaco ecosystem. The park was named after Lieutenant Agripino Enciso, a Paraguayan military officer who served during the Chaco War (1932-1935). The protected area was created as part of Paraguay's initiative to preserve its unique dry forest ecosystems and native wildlife. The park has historically been an important region for indigenous peoples, particularly the Ayoreo communities, who have traditional ties to the land.
Key attractions include the extensive salt pans that create unique landscape features, particularly during dry seasons. The park contains several observation points offering panoramic views of the Chaco landscape. Traditional indigenous trails provide access to remote areas of ecological significance. The presence of seasonal lagoons attracts diverse wildlife, making these areas excellent for wildlife viewing. The park also features interpretive centers where visitors can learn about the region's ecology and cultural history. The extensive network of forest trails allows visitors to explore different vegetation zones and observe the park's diverse wildlife in their natural habitat.
The park experiences a semi-arid climate typical of the Paraguayan Chaco region. Temperatures can be extreme, with summer highs reaching above 40°C (104°F) and winter lows dropping to near freezing. The rainy season occurs between November and March, while the dry season extends from April to October. Annual rainfall averages around 500-700mm, with precipitation being highly variable and sporadic. Visitors should be prepared for intense heat during the day and significant temperature drops at night, particularly during winter months.
Paraguay
-21.2170°, -61.6670°
1980
400
Teniente Agripino Enciso National Park protects a significant portion of the dry Chaco ecosystem. The park is home to numerous species adapted to the arid environment, including armadillos and peccaries. Its landscape features thorny forests and salt flats characteristic of the region.