Ybycuí National Park hosts a diverse array of wildlife, including over 100 bird species such as toucans, woodpeckers, and the endangered vinaceous-breasted amazon parrot. Mammals found in the park include capuchin monkeys, coatis, tapirs, and occasionally jaguars, though these are rarely seen. The park's streams support various fish species and are home to several amphibian species. Butterflies are abundant, particularly during warmer months, making the park a popular destination for lepidopterists.
The park protects a valuable remnant of Interior Atlantic Forest, featuring a diverse mixture of tropical and subtropical vegetation. The forest canopy includes important hardwood species such as lapacho, yvyra pyta, and cedar. The understory is rich in ferns, bromeliads, and orchids. Several medicinal plants native to Paraguay can be found within the park boundaries. The vegetation is particularly lush around the waterfalls and streams, where moisture-loving species thrive.
The park's terrain is characterized by rolling hills and valleys typical of the Paraguarí region, with elevations ranging from 150 to 400 meters above sea level. The area features red sandstone formations and rich iron deposits that led to the historical establishment of the foundry. The landscape is cut through by numerous streams and waterfalls, created by the erosion of the sandstone bedrock over millions of years. The soil is predominantly sandy and reddish in color due to its high iron content.
Established in 1973, Ybycuí National Park holds significant historical importance as the site of the La Rosada foundry, which produced iron for Paraguay's military during the War of the Triple Alliance (1864-1870). The foundry, built under the direction of President Carlos Antonio López, was one of Latin America's first iron works. The park's name comes from the Guarani words 'Ybycuí' meaning 'fine sand' or 'powder,' referring to the area's sandy soil. The foundry ruins remain as a testament to Paraguay's industrial heritage.
The park's main attractions include the historic La Rosada foundry ruins, which offer visitors a glimpse into Paraguay's industrial past. Several spectacular waterfalls, including the Salto Mbokaruzú and Crystal Falls, provide excellent swimming opportunities and scenic views. A network of well-maintained hiking trails allows visitors to explore the forest and reach various viewpoints. The park also features a small museum displaying historical artifacts from the foundry period and information about local wildlife. Picnic areas and basic camping facilities are available near the park entrance.
Ybycuí National Park experiences a subtropical climate typical of southeastern Paraguay. The region sees average temperatures ranging from 17°C (63°F) in winter to 28°C (82°F) in summer. Rainfall is distributed throughout the year, with slightly higher precipitation from October to April. The best time to visit is during the mild winter months (May to August) when temperatures are comfortable and humidity is lower. Visitors should be prepared for occasional thunderstorms and high humidity during summer months.
Paraguay
-26.0330°, -56.8330°
1973
50
Ybycui National Park features beautiful waterfalls and streams within a subtropical forest setting. The park contains historical iron works from Paraguay's Francisco Solano López era. It is popular for its swimming areas and hiking trails through dense forest vegetation.