Wildlife in the sanctuary includes numerous bird species, making it a popular destination for birdwatching. Notable species include the Andean duck, various hummingbird species, and waterfowl that inhabit the lake's shores. Mammals found in the area include small marsupials, rodents, and occasionally Andean foxes. The lake itself supports a diverse aquatic ecosystem, including several fish species. The sanctuary serves as an important stopover point for migratory birds.
The sanctuary hosts a remarkable variety of high-Andean vegetation, including significant areas of primary forest. Notable species include endangered Colombian oak trees, native orchids, and various bromeliad species. The island's vegetation is characterized by dense forest cover with trees reaching heights of up to 25 meters. Unique moss species and lichens thrive in the humid conditions, creating a lush understory. The sanctuary is also home to several endemic plant species that are crucial to the local ecosystem.
The sanctuary is situated within the Andean geological complex, centered around Lake Cocha (La Cocha), a large freshwater lake of glacial origin. The lake was formed during the last ice age through glacial activity and tectonic movements. The island of Corota itself is a volcanic formation, rising from the lake's waters. The surrounding terrain features volcanic soils that contribute to the area's rich biodiversity and unique plant life.
The Corota Flora and Fauna Sanctuary was established in 1993 to protect the unique ecosystem of Lake Cocha and its surrounding areas. The sanctuary takes its name from Corota Island, a small landmass within Lake Cocha that holds cultural significance for local indigenous communities. Historically, the area was inhabited by the Quillacinga people, who considered the lake and island sacred. The sanctuary's creation came as a response to growing environmental concerns and the need to preserve the region's biodiversity.
The centerpiece of the sanctuary is Corota Island, covering approximately 12 hectares within Lake Cocha. Well-maintained hiking trails allow visitors to explore the island's diverse ecosystems. The sanctuary offers spectacular viewpoints of Lake Cocha and the surrounding Andean landscape. Educational facilities include interpretive centers that highlight the area's ecological importance. Local communities offer traditional boat tours around the island, providing visitors with unique perspectives of the sanctuary's natural beauty and cultural significance.
The Corota Flora and Fauna Sanctuary experiences a cool Andean climate typical of Colombia's high-altitude regions. Located at approximately 2,830 meters above sea level, the sanctuary has average temperatures ranging between 12-18°C (54-64°F). The area experiences two main rainy seasons, from March to May and October to December, with relatively drier periods in between. Morning fog is common, often clearing by midday, creating mystical conditions for wildlife viewing.
Colombia
1.1670°, -77.1500°
1977
0.16
A small sanctuary located on La Corota Island in Lake La Cocha. The park protects high-altitude Andean forest ecosystems and several endemic species. It is one of the smallest protected areas in Colombia but holds significant ecological importance.