Cerro Cora
Paraguay
About Cerro Cora
Cerro Cora National Park is both a natural and historical site, known for being the location of the final battle of the Triple Alliance War. The park features dramatic hill formations and diverse wildlife. It protects important archaeological sites and contains several historical monuments.
Fauna
Cerro Cora supports a rich diversity of wildlife, including several endangered species. Visitors may encounter capuchin monkeys, tapirs, peccaries, and a variety of bird species such as toucans and macaws. The park serves as a refuge for jaguars, though sightings are rare. Over 100 bird species have been recorded within the park boundaries, making it a notable destination for birdwatching enthusiasts.
Flora
The park's vegetation represents a diverse transition zone between the Cerrado savanna and Atlantic Forest ecosystems. Notable plant species include the distinctive Lapacho trees, known for their vibrant pink blossoms, various orchid species, and native bamboo forests. The landscape alternates between open grasslands, gallery forests along waterways, and dense woodland areas, creating distinct microhabitats throughout the park.
Geology
The park features distinctive geological formations characterized by dramatic sandstone hills and rocky outcrops rising from the surrounding plains. The namesake Cerro Cora (Hill of Cora) reaches an elevation of approximately 500 meters above sea level. The area's geology showcases ancient red sandstone formations dating back millions of years, creating a unique landscape of cliffs, caves, and natural viewpoints.
History
Cerro Cora National Park holds profound historical significance as the site of the final battle of the Triple Alliance War (1864-1870). Here, on March 1, 1870, Paraguayan President Francisco Solano López made his last stand against Brazilian forces, choosing death over surrender. The park was established in 1976 to preserve both the natural landscape and the historical heritage of this pivotal moment in Paraguayan history.
Notable Features
Beyond its historical significance, Cerro Cora offers visitors several remarkable attractions including ancient rock art sites, scenic hiking trails, and panoramic viewpoints atop its distinctive hills. The park features the convergence of the Aquidabán and Apa rivers, creating beautiful waterways and swimming spots. Historical monuments and markers throughout the park commemorate the Battle of Cerro Cora, while a small museum houses artifacts and information about both the natural and historical aspects of the site.
Climate & Weather
Cerro Cora experiences a subtropical climate with distinct wet and dry seasons. Summer temperatures (December to March) can reach up to 35°C (95°F), while winters (June to August) are mild with temperatures averaging 15-20°C (59-68°F). The region receives most of its rainfall between October and April, with annual precipitation averaging 1,500mm. Visitors should plan their trips during the dry season (May to September) for optimal hiking and outdoor activities.