The canyon's diverse ecosystems support rich wildlife, including large mammals such as wild goats, bears, and wolves. The area is home to over 80 bird species, including eagles, vultures, and the endangered brown fish owl. The Köprüçay River hosts native trout species and various aquatic life. Reptiles such as the Mediterranean chameleon and various snake species can also be found throughout the canyon.
The canyon hosts over 900 plant species, with 27 being endemic to Turkey. The lower elevations feature typical Mediterranean vegetation including maquis shrubland, while higher areas support extensive Calabrian pine (Pinus brutia) forests. The canyon's varying microclimates allow for diverse plant communities, including cypress trees, strawberry trees, and numerous wildflower species. The region is also known for its wild orchids and medicinal plants.
Formed over millions of years by the erosive action of the Köprüçay River (ancient Eurymedon), the canyon reaches depths of up to 400 meters and extends for 14 kilometers. The canyon walls consist primarily of limestone formations dating back to the Mesozoic era. The dramatic vertical cliffs and unique rock formations showcase classic karst topography, with numerous caves and underground water systems throughout the region.
The canyon region has been inhabited since ancient times, with the area once part of the Pisidian civilization. The Roman bridge spanning the canyon, built in the 2nd century CE, gave the canyon its name 'Köprülü' (meaning 'bridged' in Turkish). The area was an important route connecting the Mediterranean coast to central Anatolia. In 1973, the canyon and surrounding area were designated as Köprülü Canyon National Park to preserve its historical and natural significance.
The canyon's most iconic feature is the ancient Roman bridge, standing 27 meters high above the river. The area is renowned for its world-class rafting opportunities, with rapids ranging from grades II to IV. The Selge ancient city ruins, located near the canyon, offer remarkable archaeological interest. The crystal-clear Köprüçay River, numerous hiking trails, and spectacular viewpoints make the canyon a premier destination for outdoor enthusiasts and nature photographers.
Köprülü Canyon experiences a typical Mediterranean climate with hot, dry summers and mild, wet winters. Summer temperatures typically range from 25-35°C (77-95°F), while winter temperatures average 5-15°C (41-59°F). The best time to visit is during spring (April-May) and autumn (September-October) when temperatures are moderate and ideal for outdoor activities. Rainfall is most common from November through March, while summer months remain consistently sunny and dry.
Turkey
37.2050°, 31.1890°
1973
366
Features a dramatic canyon carved by the Köprüçay River, with ancient Roman bridges spanning the gorge. The park is famous for its whitewater rafting opportunities and pristine Mediterranean forest ecosystems. Historical ruins and traditional villages dot the landscape.