The national park is home to various wildlife species adapted to both aquatic and terrestrial environments. The canyon's waters contain trout and other freshwater fish species. The surrounding areas support populations of wild goats, foxes, and various bird species including eagles and falcons. The park's diverse ecosystem also harbors numerous invertebrate species, including endemic butterflies and insects. Some endangered species find sanctuary within the park's protected boundaries.
The park hosts a diverse range of plant species adapted to both Mediterranean and alpine conditions. The canyon's unique microclimate supports specialized vegetation including endemic species of ferns, mosses, and lichens that thrive in the humid, shaded environment. The surrounding area features typical Mediterranean vegetation such as pine forests, olive trees, carob trees, and various aromatic herbs. Several rare and endangered plant species find refuge in the protected environment of the canyon walls.
The canyon was formed over millions of years through the erosive action of the Karaçay (Black Stream) on the limestone bedrock of the Taurus Mountains. It stretches for 18 kilometers, making it one of Turkey's longest canyons and the second-largest gorge in Europe. The canyon walls reach heights of up to 300 meters in some sections, with narrow passages as slim as 2 meters wide. The continuous flow of cold water from underground springs contributes to ongoing erosion and the canyon's unique microclimate.
Saklıkent, meaning 'hidden city' in Turkish, has been a significant natural landmark for thousands of years. Ancient Lycian and Roman settlements existed near the canyon, with archaeological evidence suggesting human activity dating back to at least 2000 BCE. The area was officially designated as a national park in 1996 to protect its unique geological features and ecosystem. Local legends speak of ancient shepherds discovering the canyon while searching for lost sheep, leading to its eventual exploration and development as a tourist destination.
The most striking feature is the main canyon itself, with its towering limestone walls and crystal-clear rushing waters. Visitors can access the canyon via a suspended walkway and explore up to 4 kilometers of its length. The park features several natural springs, including one that produces 60 tons of water per second. Adventure activities include canyon walking, rafting, and hiking. Traditional restaurants built on platforms over the river offer unique dining experiences. The park also includes picnic areas, observation points, and facilities for visitors including changing rooms and equipment rental services.
Saklıkent National Park experiences a typical Mediterranean climate with hot, dry summers and mild, wet winters. Summer temperatures can reach 35-40°C (95-104°F), while winters are cooler at 10-15°C (50-59°F). The canyon remains cool even during peak summer months due to its depth and water flow. The best time to visit is from April to October, though water levels in the canyon are highest in spring due to melting snow from the Taurus Mountains. Visitors should note that the canyon can be dangerous during and after heavy rainfall due to flash flooding risks.
Turkey
36.4830°, 29.4170°
1996
12.39
Saklıkent National Park is home to one of the deepest canyons in the world, with walls reaching 300 meters high. The canyon stretches 18 kilometers through the mountains, with wooden walkways allowing visitors to explore. The park features cold mountain springs and unique geological formations.