Rio Simpson

About Rio Simpson

Rio Simpson National Reserve protects the valley of the Simpson River and surrounding Patagonian forests. The reserve is known for its dramatic landscapes and diverse wildlife including pumas and Andean condors. It offers excellent opportunities for fishing, hiking, and wildlife observation.

Fauna

Wildlife in the reserve includes several notable Patagonian species. The puma (Puma concolor) is the largest predator, while smaller mammals include the guiña (Leopardus guigna), southern pudu (the world's smallest deer), and the endangered southern river otter. Bird species are abundant, including the Magellanic woodpecker, Andean condor, and various waterfowl species. The Simpson River supports native fish species including brown and rainbow trout, making it popular for sport fishing.

Flora

The reserve hosts diverse vegetation zones typical of southern Chilean forests. The dominant tree species include lenga beech (Nothofagus pumilio), coihue (Nothofagus dombeyi), and ñirre (Nothofagus antarctica). The understory features native bamboo (Chusquea culeou), numerous fern species, and various endemic flowering plants. Alpine meadows at higher elevations display colorful wildflowers during summer months, while lower areas contain dense Valdivian temperate rainforest vegetation.

Geology

The reserve's geology is characterized by dramatic glacial valleys and steep mountainous terrain formed during the last ice age. The landscape features metamorphic rock formations, including slate and schist, as well as sedimentary deposits from ancient marine environments. The Simpson River has carved deep valleys through the terrain, creating distinctive U-shaped valleys typical of glacial erosion. The area also contains numerous waterfalls and rapids formed by the differential erosion of varying rock types.

History

The Río Simpson National Reserve was established in 1985 to protect the watershed of the Simpson River and its surrounding ecosystems. The area has historical significance as a traditional territory of indigenous Tehuelche people who inhabited the region before European colonization. The reserve's creation was part of Chile's broader conservation efforts in the Aysén Region, aimed at preserving Patagonian forests and waterways. The Simpson River, which gives the reserve its name, was discovered by Hans Steffen during his explorations of Patagonia in the late 19th century.

Notable Features

The Simpson River is the reserve's primary attraction, offering excellent opportunities for fishing and kayaking. Several hiking trails provide access to scenic viewpoints overlooking the river valley and surrounding mountains. The reserve contains numerous waterfalls, including the impressive Cascada de la Virgen. The area's pristine forests and relatively undisturbed ecosystems make it an important site for scientific research and nature observation. The reserve also serves as a crucial corridor for wildlife movement between larger protected areas in the region.

Climate & Weather

The Río Simpson National Reserve experiences a cool temperate climate influenced by its location in Chilean Patagonia. Annual rainfall averages around 2,500mm, with precipitation occurring throughout the year. Summers (December-February) are mild with temperatures ranging from 10-20°C (50-68°F), while winters (June-August) are cold with temperatures between 0-8°C (32-46°F). Snow is common during winter months, particularly at higher elevations. The area is characterized by strong winds typical of the Patagonian region, which can occur year-round.