The park hosts a rich variety of wildlife including pumas, Andean condors, pudús (world's smallest deer), and the endangered huemul deer. Other notable species include the culpeo fox, Andean cat, and various birds such as the Magellanic woodpecker and black-browed albatross. The park's waters support native fish species including various trout varieties introduced in the early 20th century.
The park showcases diverse vegetation zones determined by altitude and precipitation. Lower elevations feature dense Andean-Patagonian forests dominated by lengas, coihues, and the distinctive araucaria (monkey puzzle) trees. The understory contains numerous species of bamboo, ferns, and wildflowers. Above 1,600 meters, vegetation transitions to high-altitude adaptations including cushion plants and hardy grasses.
Lanín Volcano, the park's centerpiece, is a stratovolcano reaching 3,776 meters (12,388 feet) in height. While currently dormant, it was formed through multiple volcanic episodes during the Pleistocene and Holocene epochs. The volcano's distinctive cone shape and permanent snow-capped peak are results of its volcanic origin and high altitude. The surrounding area features glacial valleys, moraines, and volcanic rocks typical of the Andean landscape.
The area around Lanín has been home to indigenous Mapuche people for centuries, who considered the volcano sacred. The national park was established in 1937 to protect the unique Andean-Patagonian forest ecosystem and the majestic Lanín volcano. The name 'Lanín' comes from the Mapuche word meaning 'dead rock'. The park has historically served as an important natural boundary between Argentina and Chile, with the volcano acting as a significant landmark.
Beyond the iconic Lanín volcano, the park contains numerous pristine lakes including Huechulafquen, Paimún, and Tromen. The area offers extensive hiking trails, including the challenging volcano ascent route. Unique geological formations, glacial valleys, and thermal springs add to the park's attractions. The presence of ancient araucaria forests, some containing trees over 1,800 years old, provides a living connection to prehistoric times.
Lanín experiences a temperate Andean climate characterized by cold winters and mild summers. The region receives significant precipitation, much of it as snow during winter months (June to August), with annual rainfall averaging 1,500-2,000mm. The eastern side is notably drier due to the rain shadow effect. Summer temperatures typically range from 15-25°C (59-77°F), while winter temperatures often drop below freezing, especially at higher elevations around the volcano.
Argentina
-39.6330°, -71.5000°
1937
4127
Lanín National Park is dominated by the iconic Lanín Volcano and features pristine lakes and ancient Araucaria forests. The park protects diverse ecosystems ranging from rainforest to high-altitude environments. It's home to unique wildlife including pudús and monito del monte, as well as significant archaeological sites.