Wildlife in Montebello is diverse, with over 100 bird species, including quetzals, toucans, and various hummingbirds. The lakes support several fish species, including endemic species found nowhere else. Mammals present in the park include howler monkeys, spider monkeys, ocelots, and white-tailed deer. The region also hosts numerous butterfly species, including the striking blue morpho, and various amphibians that depend on the lakes' pristine conditions for survival.
The park harbors rich biodiversity with over 800 plant species documented. The vegetation transitions from pine-oak forests at higher elevations to tropical evergreen forest in lower areas. Notable species include massive cypress trees (some over 500 years old), bromeliads, orchids, and ferns. The forest canopy provides essential habitat for numerous epiphytes, while aquatic plants like water lilies and reeds thrive in and around the lakes, contributing to the ecosystem's balance.
The lakes system formed through karst processes, where limestone bedrock gradually dissolved to create a complex network of sinkholes (cenotes) that filled with water. The distinctive colors of the lakes - ranging from emerald to turquoise to deep blue - result from varying mineral content, depth, and algae presence. The underlying limestone geology also features numerous caves and underground water systems that connect many of the lakes. The region sits at an elevation between 1,500 and 1,800 meters above sea level.
The lakes region has been inhabited since pre-Hispanic times by Maya peoples, particularly the Chuj and Tojolabal groups. The area was designated as Mexico's first National Park in 1959, and in 2009 was recognized as a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve. The name Montebello ('beautiful mountain') was given by early Spanish settlers who were struck by the region's natural beauty. The park's creation helped preserve both the unique ecosystem and the cultural heritage of local indigenous communities who continue traditional practices in the surrounding areas.
The park encompasses 59 multicolored lakes, with the most famous being Lago Tziscao, the largest in the system. Other highlights include the International Archaeological Zone of Chinkultic, featuring Maya ruins with panoramic views. The lakes' varying colors create a spectacular mosaic best viewed from elevated points. Several caves contain impressive stalactite and stalagmite formations, while natural springs feed crystal-clear pools. Visitors can enjoy activities like kayaking, hiking, camping, and guided tours to explore these remarkable features.
Lagunas de Montebello experiences a humid subtropical climate with distinct wet and dry seasons. Average temperatures range from 16-25°C (61-77°F) year-round, with the warmest months being April through June. The rainy season occurs from June to October, bringing lush vegetation and fuller lakes, while November through March offers clearer, drier conditions ideal for hiking and outdoor activities. Morning mist often shrouds the lakes, creating ethereal scenes before burning off to reveal stunning turquoise waters.
Mexico
16.1090°, -91.6760°
1959
61.9
The park is famous for its 59 multicolored lakes ranging from emerald green to deep blue. Located near the Guatemala border, it features pine and oak forests and limestone formations. The area is rich in Maya history and contains several archaeological sites.