Kanger Ghati harbors a rich diversity of wildlife, including several endangered species. The park is home to leopards, sloth bears, Indian bison (gaur), wild boars, and various deer species including spotted deer and sambar. It's also a haven for birdwatchers, with over 200 bird species recorded, including the rare hill myna. The caves host unique blind fish species and various bat colonies. The park also supports numerous butterfly species, reptiles, and amphibians.
The park supports a diverse range of vegetation types, primarily consisting of tropical moist deciduous forests. Notable tree species include sal, teak, bamboo, and various medicinal plants. The forest undergrowth is rich in ferns, orchids, and other epiphytes. The park is also home to several rare and endangered plant species, including some that are endemic to this region. The vegetation varies from dense forest covers to scattered woodlands, creating different microhabitats.
The park is renowned for its remarkable karst topography and limestone formations. The most notable geological features are its extensive cave systems, including the famous Kutumsar and Kailash caves. These caves, formed over millions of years through limestone dissolution, showcase spectacular stalactites and stalagmites. The park's terrain is characterized by deep valleys, plateaus, and numerous underground water channels that have carved through the limestone bedrock.
Kanger Ghati National Park was established in 1982 to protect the unique limestone caves and rich biodiversity of the region. The park derives its name from the Kanger River that flows through it. The area has historical significance as it was part of the ancient Dandakaranya forest mentioned in the Indian epic Ramayana. The region has also been home to various tribal communities, particularly the Halba and Maria tribes, who have lived in harmony with the forest for generations.
The park's most distinctive attractions are its limestone caves, particularly the Kutumsar Cave, which is one of India's longest caves, and the Kailash Cave, known for its pristine formations. The Tirathgarh Waterfall, dropping from a height of 100 feet, is another major attraction. The park features several scenic viewpoints, nature trails, and the serene Kanger River. The presence of tribal settlements adds cultural interest, and the park's interpretation center provides valuable information about the local ecosystem and conservation efforts.
Kanger Ghati National Park experiences a tropical climate with distinct seasons. Summers (March to June) are hot with temperatures reaching 40°C, while winters (November to February) are mild with temperatures ranging from 12°C to 25°C. The monsoon season (July to September) brings heavy rainfall, making the park lush and vibrant but sometimes difficult to access. The best time to visit is between October and March when the weather is pleasant and wildlife viewing conditions are optimal.
India
18.7830°, 82.0330°
1982
200
Kanger Ghati National Park is known for its spectacular limestone caves and waterfalls. The park features dense forests and unique cave formations including stalactites and stalagmites. It hosts diverse wildlife including panthers, flying squirrels, and various bird species.