Isla Contoy serves as a critical habitat for numerous animal species, particularly birds. Over 170 bird species have been recorded on the island, including frigate birds, brown pelicans, double-crested cormorants, and various species of herons and terns. The surrounding waters are home to diverse marine life, including sea turtles, manta rays, and numerous fish species. During whale shark season (May to September), the waters near the island become an important feeding ground for these gentle giants. The island also supports small populations of iguanas and other reptiles.
The vegetation of Isla Contoy is characterized by diverse coastal and tropical plant species adapted to the marine environment. The island hosts extensive mangrove forests, primarily red, white, and black mangrove species, which play crucial roles in coastal protection and as nurseries for marine life. Other notable flora includes sea grape trees, palm trees, beach morning glory, and various types of coastal grasses. The vegetation patterns show clear zonation from beach to interior, reflecting adaptation to salt exposure and soil conditions.
The island was formed through geological processes during the Pleistocene epoch and consists primarily of limestone and coral formations. Stretching approximately 5.3 miles (8.5 km) in length and averaging only 450 meters in width, Isla Contoy features a unique geological composition that includes ancient reef structures, sandy beaches, and shallow lagoons. The eastern side faces the Caribbean Sea with rocky outcrops, while the western shore consists of protected mangrove systems and calm waters adjacent to the Gulf of Mexico.
Isla Contoy has a rich history dating back to the Maya civilization, who used the island as a fishing outpost. In 1961, the Mexican government declared it a protected natural area, and by 1998, it was officially designated as Isla Contoy National Park. The island's name is believed to derive from the Maya word 'Kom-toy,' meaning 'low shelter.' Throughout its history, the island has remained largely undeveloped, with conservation efforts focusing on preserving its pristine natural state and protecting its vital role as a breeding ground for numerous bird species.
The island's most distinctive features include its pristine white-sand beaches, observation tower offering panoramic views, and the Visitor Center providing educational exhibits about local ecology. The Ixlache Reef, located off the island's coast, is a popular snorkeling spot teeming with marine life. The island's western lagoons and mangrove channels create an intricate ecosystem perfect for bird watching and nature photography. Access to the island is limited to 200 visitors daily to preserve its ecological integrity, making advance reservations essential. The park also includes research facilities dedicated to studying and protecting the island's unique biodiversity.
Isla Contoy experiences a tropical climate with two distinct seasons. The dry season runs from November to April with pleasant temperatures averaging 75-85°F (24-29°C) and lower humidity. The wet season occurs from May to October, bringing occasional afternoon showers and higher humidity levels, with temperatures reaching up to 90°F (32°C). The waters surrounding the island remain warm year-round, typically between 77-84°F (25-29°C), making it ideal for swimming and snorkeling activities throughout the year.
Mexico
21.4710°, -86.7910°
1998
5.17
This small island park is an important nesting site for sea birds and marine turtles. The park includes pristine beaches, mangroves, and coral reefs. It serves as a crucial sanctuary for over 150 bird species and various marine life.