The park supports a rich diversity of wildlife, including both terrestrial and marine species. Large mammals include black bears, moose, white-tailed deer, and lynx. The coastal waters host various marine mammals, including seals, porpoises, and multiple whale species such as minke, fin, and humpback whales. Bird enthusiasts can observe over 225 species, including razorbills, black-legged kittiwakes, and northern gannets. The park's waters are also home to diverse fish species, making it a popular spot for recreational fishing.
Forillon's diverse vegetation includes over 700 plant species, representing three distinct ecological zones: coastal, boreal forest, and mixed forest. The coastal areas feature salt-tolerant plants like beach pea and sea rocket. The boreal forest is dominated by balsam fir, white spruce, and black spruce, while the mixed forest contains yellow birch, sugar maple, and American beech. The park is also home to several rare arctic-alpine plants that survived the last ice age, found primarily on the limestone cliffs and headlands.
The park showcases dramatic geological features formed over 450 million years, representing the northernmost tip of the Appalachian Mountain chain. The peninsula consists primarily of limestone and sandstone cliffs, carved by glacial and marine erosion. The most prominent feature is the limestone sea cliffs rising up to 300 meters above sea level. The park contains unique geological formations including the 'Land's End' at Cap-Gaspé, where the Appalachians meet the sea, and numerous sea caves and coves formed by wave action on the limestone coast.
Forillon National Park encompasses land with rich Indigenous history, particularly the Mi'kmaq people who inhabited the area for thousands of years. European settlement began in the 16th century with French fishermen establishing seasonal camps. The park's name derives from 'Fort de Guyon,' referencing an early French settler. In 1970, the park was established, though this involved the controversial expropriation of properties from 225 local families. The area's maritime heritage is preserved through historic sites including the Grande-Grave National Heritage Site, which showcases the traditional fishing culture of the Gaspé Peninsula.
Key attractions include Cap-Gaspé Lighthouse, offering panoramic views of the Gulf of St. Lawrence and potential whale sightings. The Grande-Grave Heritage Site preserves historic buildings and tells the story of the area's fishing heritage. The park features over 100km of hiking trails, including the popular Les Graves trail leading to Land's End. Cap-Bon-Ami offers spectacular cliff views and access to a pebble beach. Recreation opportunities include sea kayaking, swimming at multiple beaches, camping at serviced campgrounds, and winter activities such as cross-country skiing and snowshoeing. The park also features interpretation centers and guided programs exploring its natural and cultural heritage.
Forillon National Park experiences a maritime climate influenced by the Gulf of St. Lawrence, resulting in mild summers and cold winters. Summer temperatures typically range from 15°C to 25°C (59-77°F), while winters see temperatures between -15°C and -5°C (5-23°F). The park receives significant precipitation throughout the year, with annual rainfall averaging 900mm. Fog is common, particularly in spring and early summer, due to the mixing of warm and cold air masses over the Gulf. Visitors should be prepared for rapid weather changes and pack appropriate clothing layers regardless of season.
Canada
48.8570°, -64.4080°
1970
244
Located at the tip of Quebec's Gaspé Peninsula, Forillon features dramatic sea cliffs, dense forests, and sandy beaches. The park protects diverse marine and terrestrial ecosystems where the Appalachian Mountains meet the Gulf of St. Lawrence. Visitors can observe seals, whales, and numerous seabirds while exploring the park's historic lighthouse and fishing villages.