Femundsmarka hosts a diverse array of wildlife, including large mammals such as moose, wolverines, and occasional brown bears. The park is particularly important for its population of wild reindeer, which migrate through the area seasonally. Bird life is rich, with species like golden eagles, rough-legged buzzards, and various waterfowl nesting in the region. The park's numerous lakes and streams support healthy populations of arctic char, trout, and grayling, making it a popular destination for fishing enthusiasts.
The park's vegetation reflects its subarctic location, with vast stretches of old-growth pine forest dominating the landscape. These forests, some containing trees over 500 years old, are interspersed with birch woodlands and alpine vegetation at higher elevations. The understory features abundant lichens, mosses, and berry-producing plants such as lingonberry and cloudberry. Rare arctic-alpine plants thrive in the park's higher regions, making it a significant area for botanical research.
Femundsmarka's landscape was shaped by the last ice age, resulting in distinctive glacial formations including moraines, eskers, and kettle holes. The bedrock consists primarily of ancient Precambrian rocks, including gneiss and granite, dating back over 1.5 billion years. The terrain features numerous lakes, including Lake Femunden, Norway's third-largest natural lake, alongside rolling hills, exposed bedrock, and glacial deposits that create the park's characteristic rugged topography.
The area has been inhabited since the Stone Age, with evidence of early settlements by Sami people who practiced reindeer herding. During the 17th century, Finnish immigrants known as 'Forest Finns' settled in the region, introducing slash-and-burn agriculture. The park gained national park status in 1971, though its significance as a wilderness area dates back centuries. Historical copper mining operations in the nearby Røros region significantly influenced the area's development, leading to increased human activity and the establishment of transportation routes across the park.
Lake Femunden stands as the park's most prominent feature, offering excellent opportunities for canoeing and fishing. The park contains an extensive network of marked hiking trails and traditional mountain cabins operated by the Norwegian Trekking Association. The historic Femund boat route, still operating today, provides unique transportation across the lake. The park's pristine wilderness, lack of road access within its boundaries, and minimal infrastructure create an authentic wilderness experience rare in modern Europe.
Femundsmarka experiences a subarctic climate characterized by long, cold winters and short, mild summers. Average winter temperatures range from -5°C to -15°C, while summer temperatures typically hover between 10°C and 20°C. The region receives significant snowfall from November through April, making it ideal for winter activities. Rainfall is moderate throughout the year, with slightly higher precipitation during summer months. Visitors should be prepared for rapid weather changes and pack appropriate all-weather gear regardless of season.
Norway
62.3000°, 12.1670°
1971
573
Femundsmarka National Park is characterized by vast wilderness areas with numerous lakes and ancient pine forests. The park is popular for canoeing and fishing activities. It represents one of the most untouched natural areas in southern Norway with significant biodiversity.