The park is renowned for its population of wild musk oxen, reintroduced in the 1930s, making it one of the few places in Europe where these Ice Age survivors can be observed. Other significant species include wild reindeer, wolverines, Arctic foxes, and golden eagles. The park serves as an important breeding ground for numerous bird species, including the endangered snowy owl and ptarmigan. The diverse ecosystem supports various smaller mammals like lemmings and voles, which form crucial links in the food chain.
Despite the harsh climate, Dovrefjell-Sunndalsfjella supports a rich alpine flora with over 170 plant species. The vegetation zones range from boreal forests in the valleys to high alpine communities above the tree line. Notable species include the rare Arctic poppy, mountain avens, and various endemic Norwegian plants. The park contains some of Scandinavia's best-preserved mountain birch forests and alpine meadows. Unique moss and lichen communities thrive in the park's rocky terrain, while hardy plants like crowberry and cloudberry provide important food sources for wildlife.
The park's landscape was shaped by multiple ice ages and features dramatic geological formations. The bedrock consists primarily of ancient Precambrian gneiss and schist, with some areas containing rare minerals. Dovrefjell's distinctive peaks, including Snøhetta, were formed through glacial erosion and tectonic activity. The park showcases classic alpine terrain with deep valleys, cirques, and sharp ridges (arêtes). Unique geological features include permafrost areas, solifluction patterns, and extensive scree slopes. The varied geology creates diverse habitats, from exposed mountain plateaus to sheltered valleys.
The Dovrefjell region has been a significant travel route and cultural landmark in Norwegian history since Viking times. The ancient King's Road (Kongevegen) crossed these mountains, serving as a crucial passage between northern and southern Norway. The area gained protected status in 1974, with the current national park established in 2002. Dovrefjell has played a vital role in Norwegian culture and nationalism, featured prominently in folklore and literature. The region has also been historically important for hunting, farming, and military training, with remnants of old farming settlements and military installations still visible today.
Snøhetta, rising to 2,286 meters (7,500 feet), stands as the park's highest peak and most iconic landmark. The Viewpoint Snøhetta, an award-winning architectural installation, offers spectacular views and serves as a research station. The park contains numerous hiking trails, including segments of the historic pilgrim route to Trondheim. Unique features include the Åmotdalshytta tourist cabin, extensive wetland systems, and several pristine mountain lakes. The park's accessibility combined with its wild character makes it an ideal destination for experiencing authentic Norwegian wilderness while maintaining reasonable safety standards.
Dovrefjell-Sunndalsfjella experiences a harsh alpine climate typical of central Norwegian mountains. Winters are long and severe with temperatures frequently dropping below -20°C (-4°F), while summers are brief but mild, averaging 10-15°C (50-59°F). The park receives significant snowfall from October through May, and weather conditions can change rapidly. Visitors should be prepared for strong winds, sudden storms, and varying visibility even during summer months. The park's elevation gradient creates distinct microclimates, with more temperate conditions in the valleys and extreme alpine conditions on the peaks.
Norway
62.3330°, 9.3330°
2002
1693
Dovrefjell-Sunndalsfjella National Park is renowned for its population of wild musk oxen and unique alpine flora. The park encompasses dramatic mountain landscapes and pristine wilderness areas. It serves as a crucial habitat for endangered species and represents one of Norway's most important mountain ecosystems.