The lake and its surroundings support a rich diversity of wildlife, particularly birds. Notable species include the southern screamer (Chauna torquata), various herons and egrets, and the ringed kingfisher (Megaceryle torquata). The waters contain several fish species including tararira (Hoplias malabaricus) and various catfish species. Reptiles such as the yellow anaconda (Eunectes notaeus) and broad-snouted caiman (Caiman latirostris) can be found in quieter areas. Capybara (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) are frequently spotted along the shoreline.
The protected landscape features a diverse array of vegetation typical of Paraguay's Eastern Region. The shoreline is characterized by extensive reed beds (Schoenoplectus californicus) and floating water hyacinths (Eichhornia crassipes). The surrounding areas contain patches of Atlantic Forest remnants with species such as lapacho (Handroanthus impetiginosus), yvyra pytã (Peltophorum dubium), and various native palms. Aquatic plants include water lilies (Nymphaea species) and numerous species of emergent vegetation.
The lake was formed during the Quaternary period through tectonic activity and subsequent erosion processes. It sits in a depression between the Asunción-Sapucai-Villarrica mountain range, covering approximately 60 square kilometers. The lake's basin consists primarily of sedimentary rocks and alluvial deposits. The average depth is 3 meters, with some areas reaching 6 meters. The lake is fed by several streams and underground springs, with the Salado River serving as its primary outlet.
Lago Ypacaraí has been culturally significant since pre-Columbian times, when indigenous Guaraní people inhabited its shores. The name 'Ypacaraí' comes from Guaraní, meaning 'sacred water.' The lake gained prominence in the 20th century as a popular recreational destination, particularly with the growth of San Bernardino as a resort town in the 1930s. The lake's cultural importance is celebrated in the famous Paraguayan folk song 'Recuerdos de Ypacaraí.' In 1990, the area was designated as a Protected Landscape to preserve its ecological and cultural value.
The lake is renowned for its scenic beauty, particularly during sunset when the waters reflect brilliant colors. The town of San Bernardino, known as Paraguay's summer capital, offers historic architecture and beach facilities. The lake hosts various water sports activities and annual sailing competitions. The Yacht Club Ypacaraí provides facilities for boating enthusiasts. Several viewpoints along the surrounding hills offer panoramic views of the lake and landscape. The area is also home to traditional pottery workshops where visitors can observe local artisans creating distinctive Paraguayan ceramics.
Lago Ypacaraí experiences a subtropical climate with hot summers and mild winters. Average temperatures range from 17°C (63°F) in winter to 28°C (82°F) in summer. The region receives significant rainfall, with an annual average of 1,400mm, most abundant between October and April. Humidity levels are generally high throughout the year, particularly during summer months. Visitors should expect afternoon thunderstorms during summer, while winter brings occasional cold fronts from the south, known locally as 'sur'.
Paraguay
-25.2830°, -57.3170°
1955
60
Lago Ypacarai is a significant recreational and cultural site near Asunción. The lake and its surrounding protected area are popular for water sports and tourism. Despite environmental challenges, it remains an important natural landmark and ecosystem.