The protection area is home to a rich variety of wildlife, including both terrestrial and marine species. Notable terrestrial fauna includes the endemic Cozumel raccoon (Procyon pygmaeus), Cozumel coati (Nasua narica nelsoni), and various species of birds such as frigatebirds and brown pelicans. The marine environment supports a diverse array of fish species, sea turtles (including loggerhead and green turtles), and coral reef organisms. The area is also an important stopover point for migratory birds along the Atlantic Flyway.
The protected area hosts a diverse array of plant species adapted to coastal and tropical conditions. Dominant vegetation includes red mangroves (Rhizophora mangle), black mangroves (Avicennia germinans), and white mangroves (Laguncularia racemosa) along the coastline. The interior features tropical deciduous forest with species such as gumbo-limbo trees (Bursera simaruba), chaca trees, and various palm species. The area also contains numerous endemic plant species and important medicinal plants traditionally used by Maya communities.
The protected area features a limestone bedrock foundation typical of the Yucatan Peninsula, formed during the Pleistocene epoch. The coastline is characterized by rocky shores, small coves, and coral formations. The terrain includes low-lying areas with mangrove swamps, sandy beaches, and coral reef systems offshore. The limestone base contains numerous cenotes and underground water systems, though these are less prominent than on the mainland. The western coast's geological structure provides natural protection for the coral reefs and marine ecosystems.
The West Coast of Cozumel Flora and Fauna Protection Area was established in 1980 to preserve the unique ecosystem of the island's western coastline. The area has historical significance dating back to the Maya civilization, who considered Cozumel a sacred site dedicated to Ixchel, the goddess of fertility and medicine. During the colonial period, the region served as a refuge for pirates. The protection area was created in response to growing tourism development on the island, ensuring the preservation of critical habitats and archaeological sites.
Key attractions within the protection area include pristine coral reefs ideal for snorkeling and diving, particularly the Paradise Reef and Colombia Reef systems. The extensive mangrove forests provide excellent opportunities for kayaking and wildlife observation. Several archaeological sites can be found within the protected zone, including remains of Maya structures. The area also features interpretive trails, observation points for wildlife viewing, and designated areas for sustainable tourism activities. The combination of ecological and cultural elements makes this protection area a unique destination for both nature enthusiasts and cultural tourists.
The West Coast of Cozumel experiences a tropical savanna climate with distinct wet and dry seasons. Average temperatures range from 75°F (24°C) to 90°F (32°C) throughout the year, with the hottest months being July and August. The rainy season typically runs from June to October, with September and October seeing the highest rainfall. Hurricane season coincides with this period, though direct hits are relatively rare. The area enjoys approximately 250 sunny days per year, with humidity levels consistently high around 80%.
Mexico
20.3980°, -86.9200°
1980
115.9
This protected area encompasses the western coastal region of Cozumel Island. It features coral reefs, mangrove forests, and diverse marine ecosystems. The area is particularly important for sea turtle nesting and marine biodiversity conservation.