The park's diverse ecosystems support a rich variety of wildlife. Notable mammals include pumas, pudús (world's smallest deer), kodkods (Chile's smallest wild cat), and the endangered southern river otter. Bird species are abundant, featuring Magellanic woodpeckers, Chilean pigeons, black-browed albatross, and Andean condors. The park's waters host various fish species, including introduced salmon and trout. Several endemic amphibians can be found near water bodies, while reptiles like Darwin's tree iguana inhabit forested areas.
The park hosts diverse vegetation zones determined by altitude and rainfall. Lower elevations feature Valdivian temperate rainforest dominated by coigüe, ulmo, and tepa trees. The endangered Alerce (Fitzroya cupressoides), one of the world's longest-living trees, can be found in specific areas. Mid-elevations support southern beech forests (Nothofagus), while higher zones feature hardy Andean vegetation adapted to volcanic soils. The understory is rich with ferns, bamboo (quila), and numerous species of native flowering plants, including the Chilean firebush and various orchids.
The park's landscape is dominated by volcanic features, with Osorno Volcano (2,652m) being the most prominent landmark. The area was shaped by intense volcanic and glacial activity, resulting in dramatic formations including lava fields, volcanic caves, and glacial valleys. The Petrohué Falls were formed by basaltic lava flows from Osorno Volcano, creating distinctive water-worn rock channels. The region continues to experience geological activity, with the last significant eruption of Osorno occurring in 1869. The park also features numerous lakes of glacial origin, including Lake Todos los Santos.
Vicente Pérez Rosales National Park, established in 1926, is Chile's oldest national park. Named after the 19th-century explorer and diplomat Vicente Pérez Rosales, the area was historically inhabited by the indigenous Huilliche people. German settlers arrived in the mid-1800s, significantly influencing the region's development. The park was created to protect the native Alerce forests and the unique volcanic landscape. Throughout the 20th century, it has played a crucial role in Chile's conservation efforts and tourism development, becoming a vital part of the Lake District's natural heritage.
Key attractions include the emerald-colored Petrohué Falls, where the Petrohué River cascades over volcanic rock formations. The perfectly conical Osorno Volcano offers hiking and skiing opportunities, with stunning views of Lake Llanquihue. Lake Todos los Santos, known as 'Emerald Lake' for its striking color, provides boat tours and connects to Argentina via the Andean Lakes Crossing. The German-influenced town of Puerto Varas serves as a gateway to the park. Popular activities include hiking (with trails ranging from easy walks to challenging ascents), kayaking, fishing, and photography. The park's visitor center offers interpretive exhibits and guided tour information.
The park experiences a temperate maritime climate with significant rainfall throughout the year. Summers (December-February) are mild with temperatures ranging from 15-25°C (59-77°F), while winters (June-August) are cool and wet with temperatures between 2-10°C (36-50°F). Annual precipitation averages 2,800mm, with the heaviest rainfall occurring during winter months. Snow is common at higher elevations, particularly around Osorno Volcano, and can persist well into spring. Visitors should be prepared for sudden weather changes and pack appropriate waterproof gear regardless of season.
Chile
-41.1000°, -72.4000°
1926
2530
Vicente Perez Rosales National Park is Chile's oldest national park, featuring the stunning Osorno Volcano and Todos los Santos Lake. The park is known for its ancient forests, waterfalls, and volcanic landscapes. It offers numerous recreational activities including hiking, fishing, and skiing.