Kouchibouguac

The park is home to a diverse array of wildlife, including both terrestrial and marine species. Large mammals include white-tailed deer, moose, and black bears, while smaller mammals like beaver, red fox, and snowshoe hare are common. The park's waters support grey seals and harbor seals, which can often be seen basking on sandbars. Bird life is particularly rich, with over 220 species recorded, including the endangered piping plover which nests on the park's beaches. The lagoons and estuaries serve as important habitat for various fish species, including Atlantic salmon and American eel.

Kouchibouguac's diverse ecosystems support a rich variety of plant life, including both boreal and Acadian forest species. The forest areas contain mixed stands of red and white pine, black spruce, and balsam fir, along with deciduous species like yellow birch and sugar maple. The coastal areas feature specialized dune vegetation such as marram grass and beach pea, which help stabilize the shifting sands. Salt marshes support distinctive plant communities adapted to brackish conditions, including cordgrass and glasswort. The park also contains several rare plant species and significant peatland communities.

The park showcases a dynamic coastal landscape shaped by glacial activity and ongoing marine processes. It features a series of barrier islands, sand dunes, and lagoons formed by post-glacial sea-level rise and coastal erosion. The bedrock consists primarily of Pennsylvanian sandstone and conglomerate, covered by glacial deposits. The park's most distinctive geological features are its extensive barrier island system, stretching over 25 kilometers, and its lagoon complexes. These formations continue to evolve through natural processes of erosion and deposition, creating a constantly changing coastline.

Kouchibouguac National Park experiences a typical Maritime climate with warm summers and cold winters. Summer temperatures average between 20-25°C (68-77°F), making it ideal for beach activities and outdoor recreation. Winters are cold with temperatures ranging from -5 to -15°C (23-5°F), with significant snowfall creating opportunities for winter activities. Spring and fall are mild but can be wet, with frequent rainfall. The park receives approximately 1000mm of precipitation annually, distributed fairly evenly throughout the year. Coastal fog is common in the morning hours, especially during spring and early summer.

The park area has been home to Mi'kmaq people for thousands of years, who named it 'Kouchibouguac' meaning 'river of long tides.' European settlers arrived in the 18th century, establishing fishing and farming communities. The park was established in 1969, though this involved the controversial relocation of several local communities, including about 1,200 residents who were expropriated from their lands. This history has shaped the park's development and relationship with local communities. The park now serves as both a conservation area and a testament to the region's rich cultural heritage, incorporating both Mi'kmaq and Acadian influences.

Key attractions include Kelly's Beach, a stunning 7-kilometer barrier island with supervised swimming areas and boardwalks. The park's extensive network of cycling trails, including the major link in the Sentier NB Trail, offers excellent biking opportunities. Visitors can explore the Bog Trail, a unique boardwalk through a peat bog ecosystem, or visit the Callander's Beach lighthouse. The park's dark sky preserve status makes it an excellent location for stargazing. Major Point is a popular spot for seal watching, while the Ryans swimming pool offers a sheltered saltwater swimming experience. The park also features several interpretive programs focusing on Mi'kmaq and Acadian cultural heritage.