Wildlife in Cerro Copey includes several endemic and threatened species. The park is an important habitat for birds, with over 100 species recorded, including the Margarita Woodstar hummingbird and the Yellow-shouldered Parrot. Reptiles are well-represented, featuring various lizard species and snakes adapted to the semi-arid environment. Small mammals such as rabbits, opossums, and various rodent species inhabit the park. The area is also important for butterfly species, with several endemic varieties present. The park serves as a crucial wildlife corridor on Margarita Island.
The park hosts a diverse array of vegetation zones that change with elevation. The lower slopes feature xerophytic (drought-resistant) plants including cacti and thorny shrubs. Mid-elevations support semi-deciduous forest with species like the namesake Copey tree (Clusia rosea), while higher areas contain cloud forest vegetation. Notable endemic species include several types of orchids and bromeliads. The park is also home to important medicinal plants traditionally used by local communities. Various microhabitats support different plant communities, from sun-exposed rocky areas to shaded ravines.
The park's dominant feature is Cerro Copey mountain, formed through tectonic activity millions of years ago. The mountain consists primarily of metamorphic rocks, including schist and gneiss, dating back to the Precambrian period. The terrain features steep slopes, rocky outcrops, and numerous small valleys carved by erosion. The mountain's unique geological formation creates natural springs and waterways that are vital to the local ecosystem. Mineral deposits in the area include quartz and mica, visible in many of the exposed rock faces.
Cerro Copey was designated as a national park in 1974 to protect the unique ecosystem of Margarita Island's highest peak. The area has historical significance to indigenous peoples who considered the mountain sacred. During the colonial period, the mountain served as a strategic lookout point for spotting approaching ships. The park's name 'Copey' comes from a native tree species found in the area. Local communities have traditionally used the mountain's resources for medicinal plants and water supply, leading to conservation efforts to balance human needs with environmental protection.
The park's most striking feature is its summit, offering panoramic views of Margarita Island and the Caribbean Sea. Several hiking trails lead to the peak, varying in difficulty and providing access to different ecological zones. Natural springs and small waterfalls can be found along the mountain's slopes, particularly after rainfall. The park contains several lookout points ideal for bird watching and photography. Unique rock formations created by centuries of erosion provide interesting geological features throughout the park. The combination of different ecosystems within a relatively small area makes it an excellent location for ecological studies and nature observation.
Cerro Copey National Park experiences a semi-arid tropical climate typical of Venezuela's Caribbean coast. Average temperatures range from 24°C to 28°C (75°F to 82°F) throughout the year. The park receives relatively low rainfall, with a brief wet season from July to December. Due to its elevation reaching 960 meters (3,150 feet), the mountain creates its own microclimate, often catching moisture from passing clouds and experiencing cooler temperatures at higher elevations. Morning fog is common at the summit, typically clearing by midday.
Venezuela
11.0170°, -63.8830°
1974
74
Cerro Copey is the highest point on Margarita Island, offering panoramic views of the Caribbean Sea. The park protects important cloud forest ecosystems and serves as a water source for local communities. It features unique flora and fauna adapted to its mountainous environment.