Bannerghatta houses a diverse array of wildlife, including large mammals like Indian elephants, leopards, and sloth bears. The park is home to various deer species such as Spotted Deer, Sambar, and Barking Deer. Notable primates include Bonnet Macaques and Common Langurs. The park boasts over 150 species of birds, including peacocks, serpent eagles, and jungle fowl. The butterfly park features over 20 species of butterflies. The park's rescue center and zoo section house Bengal tigers, lions, and various other captive animals as part of conservation efforts.
The park's vegetation primarily consists of dry deciduous forest and scrub jungle, with over 400 species of plants recorded. Dominant tree species include Sandalwood, Neem, Tamarind, and various bamboo varieties. The forest canopy includes valuable timber species like Teak and Rosewood, while the understory is rich in medicinal plants. Scattered grasslands and thorny scrub areas provide essential grazing grounds for herbivores. The park also features several exotic species in its managed botanical sections, including various ornamental plants and fruit-bearing trees.
The park is situated in the Eastern Ghats mountain range, characterized by ancient granitic formations estimated to be over 3,000 million years old. The terrain consists of rolling hills, rocky outcrops, and valleys, with elevations ranging from 740 to 1,034 meters above sea level. The landscape is marked by numerous small hills, including Hajjamana Kallu, Mirza Hill, and Uddigebande, which create diverse microclimates and habitats. The area also features several seasonal streams and water bodies that support the local ecosystem.
Established in 1970, Bannerghatta National Park was originally a part of the Bangalore Forest Division. The park was created to preserve the region's natural wildlife and provide a protected corridor for elephant movement. Named after the nearby Bannerghatta village, the area has historical significance dating back to the Vijayanagara period. In 1974, it was declared a national park, and over the years, it has expanded to include various conservation initiatives, including the butterfly park established in 2006 and the rescue center for rehabilitating circus animals.
The park's main attractions include the Grand Safari encompassing separate zones for lions, tigers, and bears, allowing visitors to observe these animals in semi-natural habitats. The Butterfly Park, one of the largest in India, features a museum and a dome structure housing live butterflies. The park also includes an Animal Rescue Centre, Snake House, and Crocodile Farm. Educational facilities include interpretation centers and guided nature walks. Recent additions include eco-tourism initiatives like trekking trails and a nature camp. The park's proximity to Bangalore (22 km) makes it a popular weekend destination for urban residents.
Bannerghatta National Park experiences a moderate climate throughout the year, with temperatures ranging from 15°C to 35°C. The best time to visit is from October to March when the weather is pleasant and cool. Summers (March to May) can be quite hot and dry, while the monsoon season (June to September) brings heavy rainfall, making some trails difficult to access. The park remains open year-round, but wildlife sightings are typically best during early mornings and late afternoons, especially during the winter months when animals are more active.
India
12.8000°, 77.5670°
1974
104.27
Bannerghatta National Park is located near Bangalore city and features a biological reserve and zoo. The park includes a butterfly park and rescue center for animals. It serves as an important elephant corridor connecting the Eastern and Western Ghats.